Tamil meaning :to rise, ascend (as the heavenly bodies), mount, climb, abound in number, weight, or measure, increase in price, quality, spread, be diffused (as poison), grow, be laden (as cargo)
Tamil derivates :ēr_a so as to exceed, more than, above; ēr_r_u (ēr_r_i-) to lift up, raise, increase (as price), load (as a cart or ship), eulogize, found, establish; ēr_r_am mounting, ascending, raising up, rising (as the tide), eulogy, increase, excess, preeminence, well-sweep, picottah; ēl (ēr_p-, ēr_r_-; ēlv-, ēn_r_-) to be excessive, abound; awake from sleep; bear, lift up, carry
Malayalam :ēr_uka
Malayalam meaning :to rise, increase, be much, arise, ascend
Malayalam derivates :ēr_a much, more, beyond; ēr_r_uka to raise, embark, multiply; ēr_r_am rising, ascent, increase, climbing, pulling up, what is too much, embarkation; ēr_r_u mounting palm trees, flow of tide; ēlkka (ēr_r_-) to multiply; ēttam machine to draw water
Kannada :ēr_u
Kannada meaning :to rise, increase, ascend, mount, climb; n. rising, etc., rising ground
Kannada derivates :ēr_i an ascender; ēr_ike, ēr_uta, ēr_uvike rising, increasing, etc.; ēr_isu to raise, place upon, etc.; ēta ascent, rise; picottah; rēgu to rise (as dust), be aroused, excited, angry
Kodagu :ē̈r- (ē̈ri-)
Kodagu meaning :(liquor) rises to head, (poison) diffuses and kills; be more than enough, extra; ē̈ra more than enough
Tulu :ēruni
Tulu meaning :to ascend, climb, rise, be increased
Tulu derivates :ērāvuni to raise, increase, load, embark; rēgiyuni to be excited; erkụ rising or accumulation of water; ertè flood-tide; yāta engine for drawing water
Tamil meaning :to rise (as from seat or bed), ascend (as heavenly body), rise by one's own power (as a bird), appear, originate, be excited, aroused, increase, swell, grow (as a tree, breasts), return to life, awake, spread (as fame, rumour), begin, commence
Tamil derivates :eẓal enthusiasm, elation, originating; eẓucci rising, ascent, elevation, starting (as of an idol in procession), origin, birth, appearance, beginning; eẓuppu (eẓuppi-) to cause or help to rise, erect (a building), awake, rouse, restore to life, excite, stimulate, instigate, agitate, inflame (as the passions), raise (as the voice in speaking or singing); n. rousing, waking; eẓuppam rising, getting up, growth, height, elevation; eẓumpu (eẓumpi-) = eẓu; empu (empi-) to rise, spring up; eẓumai height; eẓuvu (eẓuvi-) to cause to rise; evvu (evvi-) to rise; eṭu (-pp-, -tt-) to take up, raise, bear, carry, hold up, weigh in a balance, undertake, utter or sing in a loud voice, speak highly of, choose, build (as a wall), remove; be inflated (as a monkey's cheeks), be high (as the forehead), be prominent (as nose or ear); eṭukkal lifting; eṭuttal weight, measurement by balance; eṭuttan_ pack-ox; eṭuppu elevation, superiority, undertaking, arrogance, superciliousness; eṭuppu (eṭuppi-) to awake, produce (as harmonious sounds from an instrument), dispel, drive away; eṭai weighing, weight, rousing from sleep, lengthening, increasing; iṭai weight; eṭci rising sign (astrology); ēṭci rising of a heavenly body
Malayalam :eẓuka
Malayalam meaning :to rise, be high
Malayalam derivates :eẓu height, prominence; eẓuma rising; eẓumpuka = eẓuka; eṭukka to raise, lift, take up, build, undertake, choose; become raised, visible, prominent; eṭuppu raising, taking up, harvest; eṭuppikka to get to take up, get built; ēẓuka to rise (hon. of raja's moving)
Kannada :eẓ, ēẓ (eẓd-), ēẓu (edd-)
Kannada meaning :to stand up, rise, awake, spring up, be produced, be obtained
Kannada derivates :eẓ rising; eẓbu, ebbu to rise; eẓbisu, eẓvisu, ebbisu, erbu, ebbu to rouse, awaken, lift up, raise, take away, give life; ēẓisu to cause to rise, raise, etc.; ēẓige, ēẓge, ēẓuvike, ēẓvike, ēẓuha rising, growth, greatness, elation, haughtiness
Kodagu :ē̈ḷ- (ē̈v, ëdd-)
Kodagu meaning :to get up
Kodagu derivates :ëḍɨ- (ëḍɨp-, ëḍɨt-) to raise; ëpp- (ëppi-) to raise up, make to get up
Tulu :erkuni
Tulu meaning :to rise or collect (as water in a place), puff up, swell
Tulu derivates :erkāvuni to tuck up (clothes when wading a river), hold back (as milk by a cow); erpuni to lift up; erkụ rising or accumulation (as of water); adj. exceeding; erke, erkelụ rising; erka fullness; adj. full; ertè flood tide; (D.N.S. Bhat, p. 14) eḷañci, leñci, (B-K.) eñci, ēñcụ ladder
Tamil derivates :kaṇṭi buffalo bull; kaṇavan_ husband; keṇṭan_ robust, stout man; kiṇṭan_ fat man, strong person
Malayalam :kaṇṭan
Malayalam meaning :the male, esp. of cat
Malayalam derivates :kaṇavan husband; kiṇṭan big; a stout, bulky fellow; kiṇṭappan a stout and robust person
Kannada :gaṇḍu
Kannada meaning :strength, manliness, bravery; the male sex, a male, man
Kannada derivates :gaṇḍa a strong, manly male person, a husband; strength, greatness; gaṇḍasa, gaṇḍasu, gaṇḍusa, gaṇḍusu male person; gaṇḍike prowess; gaṇḍiga a valiant man; (Hav.) geṇḍã husband; geṇḍu male
Kodagu :kaṇḍë
Kodagu meaning :male (of dogs and other animals, mostly wild; not of cats)
Kannada meaning :knot, joint, as of sugar-cane, finger, etc.
Kannada derivates :gaṇṭu knot of cord, joint of reed, bamboo, cane, joint or articulation of body
Kodagu :gɨṇṇɨ
Kodagu meaning :joint in wrist or fingers, knot in sugar-cane
Kodagu derivates :kālɨ-gɨṇṇɨ ankle
Tulu :gaṇṭụ, gaṇṭu
Tulu meaning :knot in string, ankle, knot or joint of reed or cane
Notes :This root has certainly contaminated with *gaṇ- 'knot'.
Number in DED :1946
Proto-South Dravidian :*ganǯaṇig-ai
Meaning :a k. of fragrant grass
Kannada :gañjaṇike, gañjiṇike
Kannada meaning :a species of fragrant grass
Tulu :gañjaṇigè
Tulu meaning :a fragrant grass
Number in DED :1105
Proto-South Dravidian :*gar_-
Meaning :onom. sound of chewing, crackling
Tamil :kar_akar_a (-pp-, -tt-)
Tamil meaning :to crackle in the mouth (as a crisp cake); utter a rattling sound; n. onom. expr. signifying rattling sound
Tamil derivates :kar_akar_appu crispness; rattling; kar_aŋku (kar_aŋki-) to sound; n. a sound; karakara (-pp-, -tt-) to be crisp in the mouth (as a fried cake); karakar-en_al being crisp in the mouth
Malayalam :kar_akar_ē
Malayalam meaning :imit. of gnashing and biting noises
Kannada :gar_a
Kannada meaning :sound in imitation of that which is produced when very crisp substances (as well-baked happaḷas, etc.) are eaten
Kannada derivates :gar_agu, gar_ugu state of being scorched by heat, fragile, brittle, dry and crumbling as flowers, leaves, grass, etc.; state of being very crisp by frying or baking (as happaḷas, etc.); karakara sound made in gnashing the teeth, in chewing certain substances (as raw cucumbers), in scratching the body, in writing with a pen or an iron style
Tulu :karakara
Tulu meaning :noise made in chewing, sawing, or writing
Tulu derivates :karukuru noise made in chewing any brittle substance
